Combined mixing and vaporizing device



May 17, 1932- A. DEFRANCE ET AL 1,858,853

COMBINED MIXING AND VAPORIZING' DEVICE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Oct. 9, 1926 o o I INVENTORS Abel .Defrance Pierre Versille Y per 7 Ai'torney May 17, 1932.

A. DEFRANCE ET AL COMBINED MIXING AND VAPORIZING DEVICE Filed Oct. 9, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VEN TORS e Ck n. W eV d b AD Patented May 17, 1932 UNITED STATES 'ABEL DEFRANCE AND PIERRE vE-ns'ILLn, or PARIS, runner:

COMBINED MIXING AND VABORIZINGDEVICE App1ication filed October 9, 1926; Serial No. -140,656, ai1d in France June 25, 1926.

I In order to improve the fuel mixture sup plied to internal combustion engines, devices have already been proposed which act by a vaporizing process upon the liquid par- 5 ticles contained in the mixture leaving the carburettor. These devices in which vaporization is influenced by heating, were provided with heating blocks, placed between the carburettor and the engine, and with 10 channels for the passage of the carburetted mixture, a device being provided to close certain channels and thus to vary the number of the channels remaining open.

The device according tojour invention likewise comprises a block provided with channels, this block being similarly disposed between the carburettor and the engine, but in which the improvement of the mixture isnot efiected by vaporization but exclusively or as vailing operating g 4 In this manner the mixture is divided into a number of smallzpartial streams each of .whi'ch is treated separately bythe corresponding atomizer element. By suitably'regulating the closing valve the treatment will be alike ;forall the partial streams which 'will consequently be of a samejnature and can without any difliculty be subsequently reunited so as to form, upon-leaving the block a single stream of a perfectly homogeneous mixture. i

' According to another embodiment, the valve; controlling the outlet orifice of the chiefly by more thoroughly breaking up and channels can be formed by the atomizer elements' proper which are suitably arranged and-disposed to this effect.

' 'Inthe annexed drawings Figs. 1 and 2 Show. byway of example one embodiment. "ofthe inventionzin longitudinal sections taken at 90 to. each other; this apparatus is adapted to be mounted .upon the suction conduit extendingfrom the-carburettor to the engine.

Figs. 3 and 4 are similar viewsof an appa-.

ratus showing certain variations; this apparatus can be mounted directly upon the cyl- 'inder. ,Fig. 5'shows intransversesection a part of block with one of its atomizer elements. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of an atomizer element. Fi s. 7, 8 and 9 show on i an enlarged scalea mo if cation in which the regulation of the free passage sections in each atomizer element is obtainedby changing the \po'sition of the atomizer which acts at the same time'as a closing device; Fig. 10 is asideelevation of a motor equipped with' the modifications ofthe invention.

, The apparatus shown in FigsI1and-2 coniprises a body 1 of which'one side maybe-connected by means of a flange-1 to the induc- 7 tion conduit of the engine, and the other side by a socket 2 and a fiange2 to the conduit of the carburettor. Conduits 3 are provided within the body 1 forthe' circulation of a,

heating fluid (such as the exhaust-gases, hot

Water, etc.). The part of the body surrounded by the heating conduit 3 forms a block 4 with channels 5 containing the atomizer element 8 for mixture flowing from the carburettor to theengine; the outlet orifices of the channels 5 can be closed by'a plug of a valve 6, the port of which can be traversed by the mixture. Each of the atomizers '8 comprises a series of ribbed cylindrical cores 8' with the. 7

narrow longitudinal slots 8" formed between these ribs; the latter are divided in two or more sections over the length of the atomizer element leaving the cylindrical core 8' free at the intersection of these divisions thereby' forming expansion chambers around the central part 8 so that the mixture will be successively subjected to wire drawing and expansion actions.

The ribbedatomizer elements may be secured in place by any suitable means, and

the outlet orifices of the channels 5 are controlled directly by the plug of the valve 6.

One feature of the invention consists in the connections of this valve 6tothe operating mechanism of the carburettor throttle, said valve 6 being opened proportionally to the opening of the th ottle itself; the num er f atomizers 8 uncovered by the valve 6 and consequently the free section for the passage of the mixture will thus for all loads and at all times correspond to the quantity required by the engine, and the improvement of the mixture by the use of atomizer blocks will consequently be realized at all engine loads.

Another feature consists in. varying the number of atomizers 8 uncovered by the valve 6 so s ys to maintain constant the influence of the atomizer block, upon the fuel during, the, various loadings of the engine. This may be attained by providing in the heat ng medium supply onduit-of the body 1 and to operatively connect this valve to the carburettor throttle, so. that he f e passag section for the heating fluid will increase when the throttle of the carburettor closes. It is a well known fact that in apparatus utilizing a branch conduit of the exhaust gases for heating purposes, this method of'increasing the temperatnregives rise to many incon- .-veniencies=; if the ranch is for instanc d signed for full loads, the heating capacity will increase simultaneously with the lowering of the speed of flow of the hot gases, and it will eventually at given moment, fall to naught. The device described obviates this 1 drawback.

Fig. 10 shows an engine equipped according to the invention. E shows the control leverof th throttle for the carburoted mix- ,ture'supplied by the carburettor C. A shows the. atomizer apparatus-wording to the invention, set in etween the car ur ttor C and the induction conduit B of the engine. According to the invention, the control lever 7 of the "valve 6 is operatively connected by a rod .9 to the control lever E of the throttle of the carbur t or: the latter is ontrolled by the pedal P of the accelerator and a connecting nod 10.

The arrang m nt sh wn in Figs. 3 and 4 is the same as those des rib d above with the mrception {that the valve :6 is formed by .a hollow valve plug which is open at one end so that the mixture will flow in the direction of the arrows (Fig.- 13.) and that the apparatus can be mounted directly upon the cylinder h ad f the eng e. by any suitable means, such as a flange 12;.

' Theatomiizer emeitsoan be m unt d f r sliding movement within their blocks, as shown in Fig. 7, 1311611 end portion terminating in amale truncat d cone section 13 whil the end of the channel 5 forms a corresponding f male on p tion 14 thus thefull. c ne at the end of the co e 8' may be engaged by successively within their channels and press the cone shaped parts against t eir seats so as to close the passage for the carburated mixture. Fig. 8 shows one atomizer element in its upper position, the passage being closed; 'F'i g. 9 'shows this element in its lowered position, the passage being open. The control elements 6 whi h in this case are substitut d for the valve 6 are keyed upon its shaft 16, .coupled by two cog-wheels 17 keyed upon the same .shaft 16, and operatively connected by. the control lever 7,. (Figs. 7 and 10) and the rod 9 to the control lever 0f the throttle valve of the carburettor. It is clear that the position of the sliding atomizer elements and of driving gear may be changed at will.

' Simlarlythe detail constructions maybe greatly varied without departing from the spirit of the invention.

It is to be noted that the devices described above may be adapted without any modification tov existing engines 01 carburettors.

We claim:

1. In a device for improving the fuel mixture, more particularly adapted for internal colnbustion engincs using heavy fuel, in com binat on a block provided with a ser es of channels extending therethrough for the passage of the mixture, a conical seat formed upon the outlet end of each channel, a mixing element mounted for sliding movement neach of said channels and formedof a cen tral core with external radial ribs which are circnmferentially slotted in at least one place in the leng h thereof so as to form in eac hannel at lea one expansion chamber, a plain conical part formed at one end of the core of each mixing element and adapted to cooperate with the conical seat of the respective channel, a return spring fixed to and surrounding the opposite end of each element urging the same into its opening position, and a controlling device operatively connected to the throttle of the carburettor capable of moving the several mixing elements back and forth in their respective channels.

2. In a device for improving fuel mixture, particularly adapted for internal combustion engines using heavy fuel, in combination, a block provided with a plurality of channels, said channels being restricted at the upper ends thereof to form valve seats, a mixing element slidably mounted within each of said channels provided with a valve head and comprising a centra co e havin external radial ribs which are circumferentially slotted in at least one place in the length thereof so as to form in each channel at least one expansion chamber and means for controlling the movement of the mixing elements. 7 r

3. In a device for improving fuel mixture, particularly adapted for internal combustion engines using heavy fuel, in combination, a block provided with a plurality of channels, said channels being restricted at the upper ends thereof to form valve seats, a mixing element slidably mounted within each of said channels provided with a valve head and comprising a central core having external radial ribs which are circumferentially slotted in at least one place in the length thereof so as to formin each channel at least one expansion chamber, and control elements operatively connected to the throttle of the carburetter disposed to move the mixing elements back and forth in their respective channels.

4. In a device for improving fuel mixture, particularly adapted for internal combustion engines using heavy fuel, in combination, a block provided with a plurality of channels, a mixing element within each of said channels and comprising a central core having ex-' ternal radial ribs which are circumferentially slotted in at least one place in the length thereof so as to form in each channel at least one expansion chamber and means operatively connected to the throttle of the carburettor and controlling the outlet of the channels for the carburetted mixture.

PIERRE vERsILLE.

ABEL DEFRANCE. 

